Electric motor



A. K. BEY

ELECTRIC MOTOR June 25, 1968 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 6, 1965luvau-roa Arms-r 82v A. K BEY ELECTRIC MOTOR June 25, 1968 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 6, 1965 INvEN'roR AHMET l BEY United StatesPatent 3,389,611 ELECTRIC MOTOR Ahmet K. Bey, Chicago, 11]., assignor ofone-half to Frances Budreck Continuation-impart of application Ser. No.489,178, Sept. 22, 1965. This application Dec. 6, 1965, Ser. No. 511,760

6 Claims. (Cl. 74-88) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The leg members of avibratory motor alternately attract and repel a pivoted permanent magnetmember when a coil wound around the leg members is coupled to a sourceof alternating current. A pair of scissors-like linkages translate theoscillatory motion of the permanent magnet member to a pair ofoppositely wound spring clutches which alternately engage an outputshaft to produce uni-directional rotation.

This application is a continuation-in-part of my copending applicationMotor Clutch, Ser. No. 489,178, filed Sept. 22, 1965.

The present invention relates to motors. Particularly the inventionrelates to motors which are adapted for motivation by alternatingelectrical current. Specifically the invention relates to motors of theclass having clutch spring means for conversion of an alternating inputforce to a single directional output torque.

In co-pending application Ser. No. 489,178, filed by the presentapplicant Sept. 22, 1965, there is taught motive means adapted forsingle directional output by conversion of both phases of alternatinginput forces through employment of clutch spring means. In the specificembodiment illustrated in said co-pending application, the clutch springmeans comprises a pair of clutch springs which are wound in the samedirection. Moreover, the character of the output torque is controllableonly by a pair of opposed adjustable compression springs or snubbermembers which limit the amplitude of the alternations of an oscillatormechanism which is employed to convert alternating electrical currentinto an alternating or oscillating mechanical force. Anent the latter,better control of output torque characteristics is desirable.

It is a feature of the invention described in the present application,which is considered a continuation in part of said co-pendingapplication, that the clutch spring means comprise a pair of oppositelywound clutch springs which convert alternating input force into singledirectional output torque by employing the energy of both phases of suchalternating force.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide improvedmeans in a motor of the described class for impressing the force of anoscillator on the motor output shaft.

It is another object of the invention to provide in a motor of theindicated class improved means for controlling the speed of rotation ofits output shaft and output torque.

Additionally, it is an object of the present invention to provide foradjustment of said last mentioned means,

whereby output force having a range of characteristics is 3,389,611Patented June 25, 1968 On the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a motor embodying one form of thepresent invention.

FIG. 2 is an elevational view of a portion of said motor showing itsoscillator and the connected together arms through which oscillatortorque is transmitted to the output shaft of said motor.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view transversely of the bearing block in whichthe output shaft is supported, taken substantially on the planedesignated by the line 33 in FIG. 1 and looking in the direction of thearrows.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of said motor.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the motor 10 whichexemplifies the invention comprises a U-shaped housing 11 having whatmay be considered opposite housing sides 12, 12 and an integralconnecting portion 13 which closes said housing at one end, asillustrated in FIG.4. The opposite end of said housing, as well as whatmay be considered front and rear of said housing, may be open. Facingparts of the sides 12, 12 may be cut away adjacent the open end of thehousing 11 to generate a pair of shoulders 14 and 15- medially ot theopposite ends of said housing sides. Moreover, said housing sides '12,12 may be fashioned with a pair of channels 16 and 17, respectively,which extend from the open end of the housing 11 to said shoulders 14and 15, said channels 16 and 17 being proportioned to snugly receive theopposite outer legs 18 and 19 of a conventional E-shaped laminationsmember 20 which may be inserted in said housing from its open end.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 4, the shoulders 14 and 15 serve asabutments to limit the inward movement of the laminations member 20,whereby the same will be held in the exemplified embodiment at one endof the housing 11. A conventional reel-wound coil 21 is mounted in saidhousing about the medial leg 22 of said laminations member 20, the reel23 of said coil 21 being proportioned for a snug fit in the spacesbetween the legs 18, 19 and 22 of said laminations member, preferablywith not part of the reel extending inwardly of the housing 11 beyondthe inner end of said laminations member. To facilitate retention of thelaminations member 20', a pair of opposed set screws 64, 64 which areadjustable in internally threaded apertures 65, in the housing sides 12,12 are provided, as illustrated in FIG. 4.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, an L-shaped oscillator or rockable member 24,which comprises an outer leg 25 and an inner leg 26 disposed normally toeach other, has its outer leg 25 rockably connected to the connectingportion 13 of housing 11 by suitable pivot means 27. The oscillator orrockable member 24 may be of soft steel fabrication to the end that itsleg 26, which is disposed in sa d housing spaced by leg 25 from housingconnecting portion 13, will serve to reinforce the magnetic field of apermanent magnet 28 which is secured by suitable means, such as cementor the like, to the outer face 29 of said leg 26 between housing sides12, 12. The oscillator or rockable member 24 is proportioned in a mannersuch that when it is operatively conditioned, as in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3,the outer face 30 of the permanent magnet 28 will be disposed adjacentthe exposed end] face of the reel 23 which in the instant embodiment issubstantially at the level of the shoulders 14 and 15, as illustrated inFIG. 1. Moreover, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the magnet 28 is polarizedin a manner such that one pole is disposed adjacent the leg 18 and theother pole is disposed adjacent the leg 19 of said laminations member20. The polar arrangement of the exemplified embodiment has beenconventionally designated N and S in FIG. 4. It is appreciated, however,that the poles maybe reversed. Furthermore, the permanent magnet as wellas leg 26 are proportioned to permit rocking thereof within housing 11,the opposite poles being alternately attracted to and repelled from legs18 and 19 of the laminations member 20 as the coil 21 i3 charged with analternating current through source-connectible wires 31 and 32 which areshown only partially in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4.

A journalling block 33, which is shown as being formed integrally withone of housing sides 12, is lined with an anti-friction bearing sleeve34 which rotatably supports an output shaft 35 transversely of housing11. The work end portion 36 of the output shaft 35 has a medial partwhich is spaced from and in alignment with the leg of the oscillator orrockable member 24, said work portion 36 being disposed transversely ofa plane defined by said leg 25. A pair of opposed collars 39 and 40 arepress fit in longitudinally spaced apart disposition on the work portion36 of said output shaft whereby said collars are constrained forrotation with said shaft which may be knurled as at 41 and 42 tofacilitate collar retention.

A pair of oppositely wound clutch springs 37 and 38 are arranged aboutthe work portion 36 of the output shaft in axially spaced apartdisposition relative thereto. The opposite end portions 43 and 44 areoperably disposed on the collars 39 and 40, respectively, as illustratedin FIG. 3, and their adjoining end portions 50 and 51 being spaced apartto accommodate there'between a scissors-like force transmissionmechanism which is generally designated 45.

As illustrated, said force transmission mechanism comprises a pair ofarms 46 and 47 which extend radially outwardly from the work end portionof the shaft 35. The

central end portions of said arms 46 and 47 are anchored to the facingend portions of a pair of hub-like extensions or collars 48 and 49, asclearly illustrated in FIG. 3. Said hub-like extensions 48 and 49 aremounted axially about the output shaft work portion 36 and arranged forrotation thereon, said hub extensions or collars 48 and 49 beingarranged within the facing end portions 50 and 51 of the clutch springs37 and 38 in alternately releasable and clutchable association accordingto the rotational direction of said collars or hub extensions 48 and 49.

By reason of the foregoing arrangement of parts, including the oppositedirections of the windings of the clutch springs, as the arm 46 ismotivated to rock its collar or hub extension 48 in one rotationaldirection, for example, clockwise with respect to FIG. 1, clutch spring37 will tighten on said last mentioned collar and cause the output shaftto rotate correspondingly. As the arm 46 is motivated to rock the hubextension or collar 48 in an opposite direction, collar 48 will slip inthe clutch spring 37 and the torque of arm 46 will have no effect onmotivation of the output shaft. As the arm 47 is motivated to rock thecollar or hub extension 49 in one direction, for examplecounterclockwise with respect to FIG. 1, said last mentioned collar willslip within the coils of the clutch spring 38 and has no motivatingeffect on the output shaft 35. On the other hand, as the arm 47 ismotivated to rock its collar or hub extension 49 oppositely, for exampleclockwise, it will cause tightening of the clutch spring 38 on said lastmentioned collar to motivate the output shaft in a clockwise direction.It is appreciated that by reversing the direction of the windings of theclutch springs 37 and 38 from that shown in the drawings and heretoforedescribed, rotational direction of the output shaft 35 may be reversed.

At their eccentric ends the arms 46 and 47 are pivotally connected tothe outer ends of a pair of arms 52 and 53 by means of a pair ofconnectors 54, 54. The opposite end portions of said arms 52 and 53 arepivotally connected together by means of an elongated headed pivotal pin55. The parts are proportioned and arranged in a manner such that theforce transmission mechanism 45 is disposed adjacent the oscillator orrockable member 24, with the arms 52 and 53 disposed in a plane which is4- parallel to though spaced slightly from the oscillator leg 25.

As illustrated, the leg 25 has a plurality of aligned and longitudinallyspaced apart apertures or holes 56. Each of said apertures or holes isadapted for removable reception of the inner end portion of the pin 55,whereby the spacing between point of application of torque to the forcetransmission mechanism and the axis of rotation of oscillator 24 may beselectively varied. By reason of the foregoing construction, uponrocking or oscillation of the oscillator 24, the oscillatory torque willbe transmitted through said force transmission mechanism to the collarsor hub extensions 48 and 49. Moreover, output shaft rotational velocitywill vary in proportion to the distance between the pins 55 and 27 and,accordingly, output torque will vary inversely with such distance.Furthermore, as the oscillator rocks counterclockwise with respect toFIG. 1, the pin 55 will be carried toward the output shaft 35, causingthe force transmission mechanism 45 to flatten when considered withrespect to FIGS. 1 and 2. On the other hand, when the oscillator 24rocks clockwise, the force transmission mechanism will elongate, the pin55 then moving away from the output shaft 35. Accordingly, in each phaseof the oscillator or rockable member 24, the arms 46 and 47 will rock inopposite directions about the output shaft 35. That is to say, when theoscillator rocks clockwise, arm 47 will also rock clockwise while arm 46rocks counterclockwise. Contrariwise, when the oscillator rockscounterclockwise, the arm 47 will rock counterclockwise while the arm 46will rock clockwise. Inasmuch as each of the collars or hub sections 48and 49 will be tightened or bound to its respective of clutch springs 37and 38in the same directional phase of rotation, rotational torque in acommon direction will be applied but to the output shaft 35 alternatelythrough arms 46 and 47 to cause uni-directional rotation of said outputshaft through the application of both phases of the energy of analternating input force.

Output velocity and torque may be additionally adjusted by provision ofan aperture 57 in each of the arms 46 and 47. The connectors 54 arefashioned in a manner such that they are releasably securable to thearms 46 and 47, whereby the outer ends of the arms 52 and 53 may bepivotally connected either to the eccentric end or to medial portions ofthe arms 46 and 47 by said last connectors to modify the characteristicsof the resultant output torque. By reason of the last definedarrangement rotational velocity of the output shaft will vary inverselyto the distance between said shaft and the pin 54; whereas output torquewill vary in proportion to such distance.

In addition to controlling the output characteristics through adjustmentof the force transmission mechanism 45, the amplitude of vibrations ofthe oscillator 24 may also be controlled through employment ofconventional snubbers or compression springs 58 which are mounted inapertures 59, 59 in opposed sides 12, 12 to bear against opposite sidesof said oscillator. Tension of the snubbers 58 may be adjusted byconventional adjusting screws 60. In alignment with the apertures 59 ineach of the sides 12, 12 are a plurality of longitudinally spaced apartapertures 61 which are arranged in pairs on opposite sides of theoscillator and which are adapted for reception of said snubbers andassociated said adjusting screws, whereby the amplitude of theoscillator may be controlled from selected opposed positionslongitudinally of the housing 11.

As many substitutions or changes could be made in the above describedconstruction and as many apparently widely different embodiments of theinvention within the scope of the claims could be constructed withoutdeparting from the scope and spirit thereof, it is intended that allmatter contained in the accompanying specification shall be interpretedas being illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

What is claimed is:

1. In a motor having an output shaft, mechanical means responsive to aninput force and including rockable means for impressing the force ofinput on said output shaft and adjustable means for varying theeffective amplitude of said rockable means to selectively alter outputtorque characteristics, said adjustable means comprising arm meansadapted for rotating said output shaft and arranged for motivation bysaid rockable means, and connection means for holding said arm means atselected positions along said rockable means, said connection meanscomprising a pin, said rockable means having a plurality oflongitudinally spaced apertures adapted for pin reception to vary thedistance of the connection of said arm means and said rockable meansfrom the axis about which said last mentioned means is rockable.

2. In a motor having an output shaft, mechanical means responsive to aninput force and including rockable means having a plurality oflongitudinally spaced apart apertures for impressing the force of inputon said output shaft, and adjustable means for varying the effectiveamplitude of said rockable means to selectively alter output torquecharacteristics, said adjustable means comprising a plurality ofpivotally connected arm links having releasable pin means for engagementin selected of said apertures, and means for adjusting the effectivelength of the pivotally connected arm links, said pivotally connectedarm links comprising a pair of arm members, a first thereof adapted forconnection to said rockable means at selected positions longitudinallythereof and the other thereof having a plurality of holes, and connectormeans carried by said first arm and selectively engageable in said holesto vary the position at said other arm wheret-o said first arm isconnected.

3. In a motor having an output shaft, means for generating acontinuously alternating magnetic field, permanent magnet means arrangedfor interaction with said alternating magnetic field to produce arelatively oscillatory motion therebetween, a pair of collars freelyrotatably mounted on said output shaft and coupled for movement inalternate directions in response to said relatively oscillatory motion,a pair of oppositely wound spring clutches each arranged about adifferent one of said collars and about said output shaft for alternateimpression on said output shaft of both phases of said relativelyoscillatory motion to produce a uni-directional rotation of said outputshaft.

4. The motor of claim 3 wherein both ends of each of said pair of springclutches are unattached to said collars and said output shaft, wherebyeach spring clutch alternately grips its collar to drive said outputshaft in a common direction and also prevent rotation in the oppositedirection when the other spring clutch releases its collar.

5. The motor of claim 3 wherein said permanent magnet means is attachedto one end of a pivoted arm, said permanent magnet interacting with saidalternating magnetic field to produce a rocking motion in said pivotedarm, said motor including means limiting the amplitude of oscillation ofsaid pivoted arm to a fraction of a cycle of rotation of said outputshaft, and force transmission means oonnectable between said arm andsaid collars for rotating said collars in continuously opposeddirections which are a fraction of a cycle of rotation of said outputshaft.

6. The motor of claim 5 wherein said force transmis sion means includesa scissors-like linkage means connected between said pivoted arm andeach of said collars for rotating said collars in said continuouslyopposed directions.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,680,970 6/1954 Durkee 74962,751,773 6/1956 Woodson 192415 X 2,894,403 7/1959 Tomko 192--415 X2,959,058 11/1960 Berck 74-194 X 3,202,849 8/1965 Neal 74-143 X3,320,445 5/1967 Bey 74148 X FRED C. MATTERN, JR., Primary Examiner.

C. I. HUSAR, Assistant Examiner.

